【精英翻譯關注新聞】Nobel Peace Prize winner to open center in Taipei @ 【精英翻譯】的部落格

Nobel Peace Prize winner to open center in Taipei (2014/04/27)

A Nobel Peace Prize winner has big plans to build a social business center in Taiwan. Before Muhammad Yunus’ new center opens he discussed his groundbreaking methods of using microfinance to create opportunities for the disadvantaged to succeed.

A crowd is gathered to greet not the latest Korean entertainer but this man, simply dressed and with a big smile. He is Muhammad Yunus, a Nobel Peace Prize recipient who often expounds on the importance of corporate responsibility.

Muhammad Yunus
Nobel Peace Prize Winner
In social business you don’t plant a huge tree. It’s not that big business. It’s developing a seed because the first miracle seed is the most important thing.

This is Yunus demonstrating the fruits of planting such a seed. And this is him on October 13, 2006, when he won one of the great honors of the world.

“The Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided to award the Nobel Peace Prize for 2006 divided into two equal parts: to Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank.”

Yunus wasn’t well known at the time. It was unheard of for the committee to award the peace prize to a for-profit organization and its founder.

For the previous three decades, however, Yunus had been quietly helping the poor.

Yunus is a pioneer of microcredit. He created mechanisms for the poor to take out small loans averaging around US$130 or less without a guarantor or collateral. The money is often used for entrepreneurial pursuits that help beneficiaries find ways out of poverty.

The institution Yunus founded is Grameen Bank. “Grameen” means “village” in the Bengali language and reflects a business motive very different from a traditional bank.

Early on in his career, Yunus lent the equivalent of US$27 to 42 female villagers. Exploited by money-lenders with usury conditions, the women accepted the loans at the risk of abuse at the hands of their husbands should they find out.

Four decades later, women still have trouble getting loans. Grameen Bank is doing its part to solve this problem by lending predominantly to women.

Muhammad Yunus
Nobel Peace Prize Winner
In New York City, 100 percent women. All over United States, 100 percent women. [Why women?] Why not? Why banks give loans to men only? Many countries. [Today?] Of course.

The banking industry in Switzerland is known for its opaque, customer-oriented service. But even in this banking center, Yunus says women find it difficult to take out loans.

Muhammad Yunus
Nobel Peace Prize Winner
I was talking in Switzerland three or four years back…The lady who was sharing that session in the conference is a very important lady. I’m going to see my banker today. I’m going to take a loan from the bank. The banker is asking I have to bring my husband with me. Because without the husband’s permission, I cannot take a loan. In Switzerland. Not in Bangladesh. Not in 1970, when I began. Now. Now.

In Bangladesh, Grameen Bank has 8.5 million customers, 96 percent of whom are women. By the end of 2012, Grameen’s banking concept had inspired similar projects in 40 nations around the world. Accumulated loans exceeded the equivalent of NT$100 billion and total income reached nearly NT$2.5 billion.

Winning the Nobel prize allowed for the founding of the Yunus Centre. Its mission is to promote Yunus’ philosophy of social business across the globe. In 2010, Grameen Bank further advanced its cause by forming Grameen Uniqlo in combination with the Japanese retailer. Together, they provide employment opportunities via the clothing industry.

Planning, production and sales all take place in Bangladesh. One T-shirt sells for just NT$40 and profits are plowed back into the business so it can continue to solve social ills.

Muhammad Yunus
Nobel Peace Prize Winner
I have met people in the fifth generation of unemployed situation. So you grew up in an environment where somebody gives you money and you eat and play.

The Yunus Social Business Centre Taiwan is in the preparatory stage. In a show of gratitude, Taipei Mayor Hau Lung-bin conferred honorary citizenship on Yunus.

Lin Hwai-min
Cloud Gate Founder
From ancient to modern times, a gap between rich and poor has been unavoidable. Mr. Yunus has used many methods to try to solve this problem.

By bringing his revolutionary social business ideas to Taiwan, Yunus will encourage local disadvantaged groups to rely on their own hard work to pull themselves out of poverty, rather than falling into a trap of endless handouts.

This is FTV’s Jinny Chang and Alex Yang, reporting from Taipei.

尤努斯來台

諾貝爾和平獎得主穆罕默德‧尤努斯數十年來在全球各地積極行善，近年來、更透過尤努斯基金會及相關企業推廣社會企業，也就是以企業的概念解決貧窮、就業、教育等社會問題。現在，尤努斯基金會在台灣成立了，尤努斯特別來台推廣，也抽空接受民視獨家專訪，暢談社會企業的概念。

呼口號，舉標語，終於等到主角，他不是炙手可熱的韓星，而是穿著樸素，卻掛著燦爛笑容的諾貝爾和平獎得主尤努斯博士。來到台灣，尤努斯念茲在茲不忘強
調企業責任的重要。

[[尤努斯諾貝爾和平獎得主]]
“推動社會企業就好比培育幼苗，從小到大，一顆小種子擁有無限能量，來長成茁壯的大樹”

彎下腰、手撥土的同一人，在2006年10月13日，獲頒人類最高榮譽的諾貝爾和平獎，讓世人跌破眼鏡！

“挪威諾貝爾委員決議，今年和平獎將頒發給兩位得主穆罕默德‧尤努斯及其所創辦的鄉村銀行”

當年，尤努斯的知名度實在不高，而諾貝爾評審委員把世界和平的貢獻，頒給「營利事業」及其創辦人，更是頭一遭。

但尤努斯早已默默行善30年。

他所獨創的「小額信貸」(microcredit)制度，就是讓貧民，在無需擔保或抵押的情況下，借到小額貸款大約130美元，用來創業，漸漸的擺脫貧窮。

而撥款的銀行叫做Grameen Bank，Grameen是孟加拉語鄉村的意思，經營哲學是傳統銀行怎麼做，鄉村銀行就要反其道而行。

當時亟需金援的42名農婦，借貸總金額27美元不到，她們受到高利貸壓榨剝削，還冒著被丈夫發現，毒打一頓的風險，很難想像40年後，貸款碰壁的還是女性，鄉村銀行扮演雪中送炭角色。

[[尤努斯諾貝爾和平獎得主]]
“在紐約，向我們借貸百分之百是女人，全美國借貸的都是女人，（為什麼？）為何不？，為什麼銀行只貸款給男性，很多國家都是這樣（至今？）當然”

瑞士銀行隱密性高，以客為尊，但女性貸款同樣碰壁。

[[尤努斯諾貝爾和平獎得主]]
“四五年前我到瑞士演講，參與同個會議的女士，聲望很高的女士說，她今天會與理財專員碰面，洽談一筆貸款，銀行要求她帶著先生一起，不然無法辦，這在瑞士發生的，不在孟加拉，不是1970年代，是現今社會”

到目前為止孟加拉鄉村銀行已經有850萬客戶，她們當中96%是婦女。至2012年，鄉村銀行概念已經遍佈全球40國，共借出1037億，也創造24億收入。

在獲得諾貝爾和平獎後，尤努斯開始籌辦尤努斯基金會，在全球各地推動社會型企業。2010年，鄉村銀行和日本Uniqlo合作推出Grameen Uniqlo，透過服飾提供就業機會。

從服裝的企劃、生產到銷售都在孟加拉，一件t-shirt 賣40元台幣，收入全數投入事業體，持續解決社會問題。

[[尤努斯諾貝爾和平獎得主]]
“我見過家族五代都是無業遊民，一代接一代，每天無所事事，就等著別人餽贈，幫忙”

台灣的尤努斯基金會已在籌備階段，台北市長郝龍斌特別頒發榮譽市民狀，表達感謝。

[[雲門舞集創辦人林懷民]]
“歷史從古到今，貧富的懸殊，是沒有辦法避免的，那也是尤努斯先生，用盡很多辦法去突破的事情”

尤努斯把突破的精神帶來台灣，將社會企業理念在台灣播種。弱勢族群不再被動接受饋贈，而是主動參與，自立自足。

民視新聞張嘉欣楊柏玨專題報導