伊斯蘭教和非洲藝術 The Art of Islam and Africa
精英翻譯社轉自https://paper.udn.com/udnpaper/POH0054/336275/web/
Art from around the world has various styles and looks. During the Middle Ages, Muslims from North Africa conquered much of Spain. They developed a very different architecture style from the Gothic style.
世界各地的藝術林林總總，形色各異。在中世紀時期，來自北非的穆斯林征服了大半的西班牙，他們發展出一種迥異於哥德式的建築風格。
One of the main features of Islamic architecture is the minaret. Most mosques─Islamic houses of worship─have four minarets. These are tall towers found at each of the four corners of a mosque. Many Islamic buildings have domes, too. A dome is a rounded roof or a ceiling on a building. The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, Israel, and the Taj Mahal in Agra, India, are two beautiful examples of Islamic architecture.
伊斯蘭建築的一個主要特色就是喚拜塔。大部分的清真寺── 伊斯蘭教的朝拜場所── 有四個喚拜塔，也就是座落於清真寺四個角落的高塔。許多伊斯蘭建築也會有圓頂，也就是建築物上面的圓形屋頂或天花板。位於以色列耶路撒冷的圓頂清真寺，和印度阿格拉的泰姬瑪哈陵，是兩座相當優美的伊斯蘭建築。
In Africa, artists made both statues and masks. A long time ago, many African people did not write down their histories. They remembered things from the past by singing songs, dancing, and making works of art. To remember their ancestors, they carved sculptures and made many masks. The sculptures were typically made of terra cotta or brass. They depicted people and animals. The masks showed various faces. African people wore them when they performed mask dances.
在非洲，藝術家會製作雕像和面具。很久以前，許多非洲人並不會以文字記錄他們的歷史，而是藉由歌唱、舞蹈和製作藝術品，來記憶過去的事件。為了紀念他們的祖先，他們會刻製雕像並製作許多面具。雕刻一般以赤陶土或黃銅製成，描繪著人物和動物形象。面具則呈現各種臉譜，非洲人會帶著它們表演面具舞。
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